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DOSIDEAS.PRS
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1993-12-20
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âÄÆ êâäÇÆ ╬╠╬╠╬╠╬╠╬╠╬╠╧╧╬╠╡
≤τΣ ßΣ≤≤Σ± Γε∩√
│ ≤τΣ ßΣ≤≤Σ± Γε∩√
≤≥±'≥ ∞απΣ ≥Φ∞∩δΣ │
│ Most people use the dos COPY
ΓδΣα±Φφµ ≤τΣ ∞Σ≥≥ │ command to copy files from the
│ hard drive to a floppy, or from
≥Φ∞∩δΣ ≥εδ⌠≤Φεφ │ one directory on the hard drive
│ to another.
α≥ΓΦΦ ≤αßδΣ │ By using the copy command you
│ are not getting the most from
≈Γε∩√ ≤ε ≤τΣ ±Σ≥Γ⌠Σ │ your computer, and in many cases,
┌─┐ │ you spend far too much time and
┌──┘ │┌────┐┌────┐ │ effort, when there is a short
│ ┌┐ ││ ┌┐ ││ ──┤ │ cut.
│ └┘ ││ └┘ │├── │ │
└────┘└────┘└────┘ │ The XCOPY command is far
┌─┐ ╒ │ superior to COPY.
┌─┐┌──┘ │┌────┐┌────┐┌────┐ │ Whereas COPY loads into memory
│ ││ ┌┐ ││ ── │├─── ││ ──┤ │ one file at a time, then accesses
│ ││ └┘ ││ ───┤│ ── │├── │ │ the destination, then goes back
└─┘└────┘└────┘└────┘└────┘ │ and looks for the spot where it
left off, the XCOPY command loads │ options available, and the most
into memory as many files -to be │ noticeble of all is the /S
copied- as possible, and then │ option.
copies all these files from │ This option enables the user
memory to the destination │ to duplicate a whole directory
directory in one go. Which in │ into the destination, ie: All
turn saves a lot of 'search' │ the files in the source
time. │ directory, AS WELL as all the
│ subdirectories, including all the
Another handy feature of │ files within these
XCOPY, is the ability to create a │ subdirectories.
new directory as part of the │
copying process, so a destination │ Let's assume we want to copy
directory would be created │ all the files and directories on
automatically if it didn't exist, │ the hard drive to a directory on
whereas with the COPY command, │ the floppy disk. The source
you had to create the directory │ directory is C:\WORK, the
before hand. │ destination directory is B:\WORK,
Another large advantage the │ within the WORK directory there
XCOPY command has, is the extra │ are another 3 directories, WPS,
HLP, TXT, and we want to copy │ MD TXT
them as well. │ C:
Here is what the process looks │ CD..
like using the COPY command: │ CD TXT
│ COPY *.* B:\WORK\TXT
B: │
MD WORK │ Now let's see what the process
CD WORK │ would look like using XCOPY:
C: │
CD WORK │ CD WORK
COPY *.* B:\WORK │ XCOPY *.* B:\WORK /S
B: │
CD WORK │ Yes, all it takes is 2 lines!
MD WPS │ XCOPY will make the directory
C: │ WORK on drive B:, and all the
CD WPS │ sub-directories, and it will copy
. │ all the files from these sub-
. │ directories, in turn duplicating
. │ the WORK directory on drive C:,
B: │ onto drive B: .
In this case, the XCOPY │ sure that no virus infection
command saves us 22 extra │ occurs.
command, most handy. │
│ You can actually see what
│ TSR's are loaded in memory using
≤≥±'≥ ∞απΣ ≥Φ∞∩δΣ │ the command:
│
A TSR is a program that stays │ MEM /C (or /P for earlier DOS
resident after it has finished │ versions, check in your manual)
execution. That's where the name │
Terminate Stay Resident (TSR) │ This command shows you the
comes from. │ memory content, it lists all the
An example of a TSR is the │ active programs, where they are
mouse driver, which is loaded │ in memory, and how much they
once (at boot up), and stays │ occupy.
active in memory as long as the │ Here is an example result of the
machine is ON. │ command MEM /P :
Some virus detection software │
stay resident in memory, to │ Modules using memory below 1 MB:
monitor the system, and to make │
Name Total │ number of TSR's loaded in your
-------- ---------------- │ AUTOEXEC.BAT is essential,
MSDOS 13469 (13K) │ because, software at the moment
HIMEM 1152 (1K) │ is becoming more and more 'memory
EMM386 3120 (3K) │ hungry'.
ANSI 4208 (4K) │ One way to reduce the number
COMMAND 2912 (3K) │ of programs loaded in the
>>GMOUSE 9872 (10K) │ conventional memory, is to use
Free 779232 (761K) │ LOADHIGH (or DEVICEHIGH) to load
│ the TSR into HIGH MEMORY. We will
│ look at memory and how to make
In this example, you can see │ the most of it in later issues of
the the mouse driver loaded in │ PC COMPLETE.
memory and the amount of memory │
it takes up. │
│ ΓδΣα±Φφµ ≤τΣ ∞Σ≥≥
So if you are wondering where │
your 640K of memory is gone, │ If you have a modem, or you
chances are, TSR's have taken it │ receive many shareware programs,
over! That is why reducing the │ you will notice, that after a
while, you can not recall which │
archive has which program. │
PMNOV10.zip doesn't really tell │ ≥Φ∞∩δΣ ≥εδ⌠≤Φεφ
you much! Here is a simple way to │
catalogue your collection very │ You have been getting
quickly. │ little utilities and programs
Simply echo a record in the │ that you just might NEED one day,
catalogue to a specific file. │ and you don't want to make a
IE (on one line): │ separate directory for each of
echo COMPLETE.ZIP | an │ these 10K files, (In general
interactive computer magazine. │ it's not a good idea to have 100
V/E/C. etc >> C:\DOS\CAT.LOG │ directories at your ROOT
│ directory!).
│ At the same time you shouldn't
Obviously you can improve on │ put them in your ROOT directory,
this by creating a batch file. │ your ROOT directory should have a
However, this is basicly what you │ maximum of 10 files. And you
would need, instead of opening an │ don't want to put them in your
editor, or running a specialised │ DOS directory (God knows it is
catalogue program. │ packed with files already!).
│ directory, in mine I have:
An easy answer is to create │
one directory where you can put │ GMOUSE (mouse driver).
all those utilities that you may │ SCAN (Virus scaner).
need one day. Call this new │ CLEAN (Virus remover).
directory MISC, or UTILS. │ All my batch files.
And include this directory in │ STUPENDOS (A great file manager).
your PATH, so you can access │ PKZIP, ARJ, LHA and the likes
these files from anywhere. │ (Compression utilities).
(To do this Load your │ SOUND (It turns off that ANNOYING
AUTOEXEC.BAT into your text │ PC speaker sound!).
editor (ie: EDIT AUTOEXEC.BAT, │ ....the list goes on, all in all
Look for a line that starts with │ 109 files, over 2 megs!.
: PATH .... And add to it the │
name of the extra directory you │ I am sure that many people
want to add. ie: │ have made a "MISC" directory
PATH=C:\DOS;C:\UTILS) │ already, but with the number of
│ people I have seen with 300 odd
Just to give you an idea of │ files in their root OR/AND DOS
what you can put in your MISC │ directory (!) I thought I'd
better suggest it. │ when writing batch files. We have
│ provided the ascii table in a
Another good directory to have │ file called ASCII.TBL.
is a Misc Games directory │ With this you can create
(MISCGAME, or just GAMES) , where │ boarders, large titles, and more
you can put all those small games │ using this simple table and a
that you get. │ text editor.
│
│
α≥ΓΦΦ ≤αßδΣ │ ≈Γε∩√ ≤ε ≤τΣ ±Σ≥Γ⌠Σ
│
│ How many times have you tried
Usually to get any ASCII │ to copy a collection of files
character you simply press ALT- │ from your Hard Drive to a floppy
NUMBER, where numb is the ascii │ disk, and the files took more
number of the character typed on │ space than there was on the disk,
the keypad. However, some editors │ and when you do try to copy the
will not allow you to use this │ files, you were given the error
for typing the 'esc' character, │ "Insufficient Disk Space", so you
this is a very handy character │ had to copy the 120 files, ONE BY
ONE!! │
Well, there is an easy way you │ Example:
can copy large directories onto │
multiple disks using dos. The │ Lets say we have 60 files to be
XCOPY command has an option that │ copied from the DOS directory to
only copies files with the │ a disk in drive A: , we use the
archive attribute set, and turns │ command:
the archive attribute off once │
the files are copied. │ XCOPY C:\DOS\*.* A:\ /M
There is a simple technique to │ (Where *.* means, ALL.ALL files)
take advantage of this feature to │
solve our problem. │ However, there is only room
We use the XCOPY command with │ for 30 files on the disk in drive
the /M switch (the option │ A:, So, once the copying process
described above) when we want to │ reaches the 30ith file, we are
copy a large directory onto │ given the error:
multiple files. And then we │ "Insufficient Disk Space".
reset the archive attribute of │ Now, all the files that HAVE
all the files. │ been copied (from 1 to 30) have
│ their archive attribute turned
OFF, whereas the uncopied files │
(31 to 60), have the archive │ However, we have to remember
attribute turned ON (default). │ to set the archive attribute back
│ on for all the files. We do this
And because the XCOPY command │ using the command:
with the /M switch only copies │
files with the archive attribute │ ATTRIB +A C:\DOS\*.*
ON, we can simply insert a new │ (where +A means set ON the
blank disk in drive A:, and issue │ archive attribute).
the same command: │
│ This method will save you a
XCOPY C:\DOS\*.* A:\ /M │ lot of time and effort when
│ trying to copy files from your
This only includes those files │ hard drive to a floppy disk, or
which have the archive attribute │ when you are using a system
set ON (ie: the files that have │ without a file manager. And once
not yet been copied). │ you try this method, you will
And we repeat this process │ find it simpler than it sounds.
until all the files have been │ NOTE: This idea is mentioned in
copied. │ some DOS manuals ñ